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Window Manager under Wayland: Hyprland

#linux#wm380
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The article discusses the window manager Hyprland for the Wayland display protocol. The author tried Hyprland and found some issues with it, such as the cursor not showing on the extended screen and flickering black blocks on the extended screen. They provided solutions for these issues. The article also mentions some advantages of Hyprland, including good usability without patches, built-in animations, and hot reloading of configuration files. However, the author prefers to continue using DWM because it meets their needs and has some features that Hyprland lacks. The article also includes installation scripts and a sample configuration file for Hyprland.

Today I briefly tried Hyprland, which functions similarly to a combination of DWM + picom. After a rough attempt, I found some issues:

  1. When splitting the screen, the cursor on the extended screen does not display.
    • Setting WLR_NO_HARDWARE_CURSORS=1 resolves this.
  2. The extended screen occasionally has some black blocks flickering.
    • Replacing the installation package with hyprland-nvidia-git resolves this.
  3. The waybar is somewhat unsatisfactory; its workspaces are not independent on each screen (unlike the tag feature in DWM).

Of course, it also has some advantages:

  1. Good usability without any patches.
  2. Comes with some animation effects.
  3. Configuration file hot loading (i.e., changes take effect immediately).
    • This is a plus; in DWM, every configuration change requires a make to apply.

However, I still choose to continue using DWM because there is no compelling reason to switch, and some features I commonly use are not found in Hyprland. Additionally, my DWM configuration has stabilized, and I have added a clickable status bar (this functionality can be achieved in Hyprland using waybar).

{{< block type="details" title="Related Code" >}}

Installation script:

# Install hyperland
yay -S hyprland-nvidia-git
# Install waybar
yay -S waybar-hyprland-git
# Install hyprland share
yay -S xdg-desktop-portal-hyprland-git
# Install rofi for wayland
yay -S rofi-lbonn-wayland-git

# Install wallpaper switcher
git clone https://github.com/Horus645xx/swww
cd swww
cargo build --release
cp /target/release/swww /usr/bin
cp /target/release/swww-daemon /usr/bin
swww init 
swww img --transition-type left  ~/Pictures/bg/0494e945880511ebb6edd017c2d2eca2.png

Reference startup script:

export LIBVA_DRIVER_NAME=nvidia
export XDG_SESSION_TYPE=wayland
export GBM_BACKEND=nvidia-drm
export __GLX_VENDOR_LIBRARY_NAME=nvidia
export WLR_NO_HARDWARE_CURSORS=1 # fix cursor

# Example IME Support: fcitx5
export GTK_IM_MODULE=fcitx5
export QT_IM_MODULE=fcitx5
export XMODIFIERS=@im=fcitx5
export SDL_IM_MODULE=fcitx5
export GLFW_IM_MODULE=ibus

exec Hyprland

~/.config/hypr/hyprland.conf:

########################################################################################
AUTOGENERATED HYPR CONFIG.
PLEASE USE THE CONFIG PROVIDED IN THE GIT REPO /examples/hypr.conf AND EDIT IT,
OR EDIT THIS ONE ACCORDING TO THE WIKI INSTRUCTIONS.
########################################################################################

#
# Please note not all available settings / options are set here.
# For a full list, see the wiki
#

# See https://wiki.hyprland.org/Configuring/Monitors/
monitor=,preferred,auto,auto
#monitor=eDP-1-1, 1920x1080@144, 1920x0, 1
#monitor=HDMI-0, 1920x1080@60, 0x0, 1

# See https://wiki.hyprland.org/Configuring/Keywords/ for more

# Execute your favorite apps at launch
# exec-once = waybar & hyprpaper & firefox

exec-once = fcitx5
exec-once = flameshot
exec-once = /opt/clash/cfw
exec-once = waybar
#exec-once = dunst

# Source a file (multi-file configs)
# source = ~/.config/hypr/myColors.conf

#misc {
#    no_vfr = 1
#}
# For all categories, see https://wiki.hyprland.org/Configuring/Variables/
input {
    kb_layout = us
    kb_variant =
    kb_model =
    kb_options =
    kb_rules =

    follow_mouse = 1

    touchpad {
        natural_scroll = no
    }

    sensitivity = 0 # -1.0 - 1.0, 0 means no modification.
}

general {
    # See https://wiki.hyprland.org/Configuring/Variables/ for more

    gaps_in = 5
    gaps_out = 20
    border_size = 2
    col.active_border = rgba(33ccffee) rgba(00ff99ee) 45deg
    col.inactive_border = rgba(595959aa)

    layout = dwindle
}

decoration {
    # See https://wiki.hyprland.org/Configuring/Variables/ for more

    rounding = 10
    blur = yes
    blur_size = 3
    blur_passes = 1
    blur_new_optimizations = on

    drop_shadow = yes
    shadow_range = 4
    shadow_render_power = 3
    col.shadow = rgba(1a1a1aee)
}

animations {
    enabled = yes

    # Some default animations, see https://wiki.hyprland.org/Configuring/Animations/ for more

    bezier = myBezier, 0.05, 0.9, 0.1, 1.05

    animation = windows, 1, 7, myBezier
    animation = windowsOut, 1, 7, default, popin 80%
    animation = border, 1, 10, default
    animation = fade, 1, 7, default
    animation = workspaces, 1, 6, default
}

dwindle {
    # See https://wiki.hyprland.org/Configuring/Dwindle-Layout/ for more
    pseudotile = yes # master switch for pseudotiling. Enabling is bound to mainMod + P in the keybinds section below
    preserve_split = yes # you probably want this
}

master {
    # See https://wiki.hyprland.org/Configuring/Master-Layout/ for more
    new_is_master = true
}

gestures {
    # See https://wiki.hyprland.org/Configuring/Variables/ for more
    workspace_swipe = off
}

# Example per-device config
# See https://wiki.hyprland.org/Configuring/Keywords/#executing for more
device:epic mouse V1 {
    sensitivity = -0.5
}

# Example windowrule v1
# windowrule = float, ^(kitty)$
# Example windowrule v2
# windowrulev2 = float,class:^(kitty)$,title:^(kitty)$
# See https://wiki.hyprland.org/Configuring/Window-Rules/ for more
#
# Define class that starts as float
windowrulev2 = float,class:^(float)$
windowrulev2 = noborder,class:^(noborder)$

# See https://wiki.hyprland.org/Configuring/Keywords/ for more
$mainMod = SUPER
$term = wezterm
$term_float = wezterm start --class float
$rofi = rofi -show window -show-icons

# start term
bind = $mainMod,       Return,       exec, $term
# start float term
bind = $mainMod,   minus,        exec, $term_float
# start launch
bind = ALT,        SPACE,        exec, $rofi

# kill window
bind = $mainMod, Q, killactive,
bind = $mainMod, P, pseudo, # dwindle
bind = $mainMod, J, togglesplit, # dwindle
# super + f fullscreen window
bind=$mainMod,F,fullscreen,0
# super + space toggle window to floating
bind=$mainMod,SPACE,togglefloating,active

# switch focus window
bind=SUPER,left,movefocus,l
bind=SUPER,right,movefocus,r
bind=SUPER,up,movefocus,u
bind=SUPER,down,movefocus,d

# move current window can move continuously
bind=SUPERSHIFT,left,movewindow,l
bind=SUPERSHIFT,right,movewindow,r
bind=SUPERSHIFT,up,movewindow,u
bind=SUPERSHIFT,down,movewindow,d

# switch workspaces
bind=SUPER,TAB,workspace,previous
bind = $mainMod, 1, workspace, 1
bind = $mainMod, 2, workspace, 2
bind = $mainMod, 3, workspace, 3
bind = $mainMod, 4, workspace, 4
bind = $mainMod, 5, workspace, 5
bind = $mainMod, 6, workspace, 6
bind = $mainMod, 7, workspace, 7
bind = $mainMod, 8, workspace, 8
bind = $mainMod, 9, workspace, 9
bind = $mainMod, 0, workspace, 10

# alt+super + arrow keys control window size
bind=$mainMod,comma,resizeactive,-20 0
bind=$mainMod,period,resizeactive,20 0
bind=ALT_SUPER,up,resizeactive,0 -20
bind=ALT_SUPER,down,resizeactive,0 20

# Move active window to a workspace with mainMod + SHIFT + [0-9]
bind = $mainMod SHIFT, 1, movetoworkspace, 1
bind = $mainMod SHIFT, 2, movetoworkspace, 2
bind = $mainMod SHIFT, 3, movetoworkspace, 3
bind = $mainMod SHIFT, 4, movetoworkspace, 4
bind = $mainMod SHIFT, 5, movetoworkspace, 5
bind = $mainMod SHIFT, 6, movetoworkspace, 6
bind = $mainMod SHIFT, 7, movetoworkspace, 7
bind = $mainMod SHIFT, 8, movetoworkspace, 8
bind = $mainMod SHIFT, 9, movetoworkspace, 9
bind = $mainMod SHIFT, 0, movetoworkspace, 10

# shift + super + left/right move window to next or previous workspace
bind = $mainMod SHIFT,Left,movetoworkspace,e-1
bind = $mainMod SHIFT,right,movetoworkspace,e+1

# Scroll through existing workspaces with mainMod + scroll
bind = $mainMod, mouse_down, workspace, e+1
bind = $mainMod, mouse_up, workspace, e-1

# Move/resize windows with mainMod + LMB/RMB and dragging
bindm = $mainMod, mouse:272, movewindow
bindm = $mainMod, mouse:273, resizewindow

{{< /block >}}

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